Izindaba

1, Isingeniso
Umshini wokuphonsa umshini osetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinsimbi zensimbi ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni.
Ingajova insimbi encibilikisiwe esibunjeni futhi ithole umumo wokubunjwa ofunekayo ngezinqubo zokupholisa nokuqiniswa.
Enqubweni yokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokuphonsa, izimfuno ezahlukene kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kuqhubele phambili ukubuyekezwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokuphonsa.
Ngakho-ke, imishini yokuphonsa ingahlukaniswa ibe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokusakaza zemikhakha ehlukene.
2. Umshini wokukhipha ingcindezi
Umshini wokukhipha ingcindezi wuhlobo olujwayelekile lomshini wokuphonsa ojova insimbi encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni ngokusebenzisa ukucindezela okukhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemishini yokukhipha ingcindezi: imishini yokukhipha ingcindezi yegumbi elibandayo kanye nemishini yokukhipha ingcindezi yegumbi elishisayo.
Umshini wokuphonsa umfutho wegumbi elibandayo ulungele ukuphonsa izinsimbi zamaphuzu aphezulu ancibilika, njengama-alloys e-aluminium nama-magnesium alloys.
Umshini wokukhipha umfutho wegumbi elishisayo ulungele ukuphonsa izinsimbi zamaphuzu ancibilikayo aphansi, njengama-zinc alloys nama-alloys okuhola.
Imishini yokukhipha ingcindezi inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yokusakaza ezinzile, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nezimoto kanye ne-aerospace.
3. Umshini wokuphonsa isihlabathi
Umshini wokujikijela isihlabathi uwuhlobo lomshini wokuphonsa osebenzisa isikhunta sesihlabathi njengesikhunta sokuphonsa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemishini yokukhipha isihlabathi: imishini yokukhipha isihlabathi eyenziwe ngesandla kanye nemishini yokukhipha isihlabathi ezenzakalelayo.
Imishini yokukhipha isihlabathi ngesandla ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwenqwaba encane, ngokusebenza okulula kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Imishini yokukhipha isihlabathi ezenzakalelayo ifaneleka ekukhiqizeni ngezinga elikhulu futhi inezici ezizenzakalelayo kakhulu, ezivumela ukusakaza okuqhubekayo.
Imishini yokuphonsa isihlabathi isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni efana nemishini, i-metallurgy, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, futhi ingaphonsa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubunjwa.
4, Umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo
Umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo uwuhlobo lomshini wokuphonsa osetshenziselwa ukusakaza okuqhubekayo.
Ifinyelela ukubunjwa okuqhubekayo ngokujova insimbi encibilikisiwe ibe isikhunta esiqhubekayo sokuphonsa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo: imishini yokuphonsa eqondile eqhubekayo kanye nemishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo engaqondile.
Imishini yokusakaza eqhubekayo eqondile ilungele ukulingisa kanye nosayizi omaphakathi, ngokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
Umshini wokulingisa oqhubekayo ongaqondile ulungele ukusakaza ama-casting amancane, ngokunemba okuphezulu kokusakaza kanye nekhwalithi enhle yendawo.
Imishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana nensimbi, ithusi, ne-aluminium, futhi ingakwazi ukufeza ukusakaza okusebenzayo nokusezingeni eliphezulu.
5, Ezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokuphonsa
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zemishini yokuphonsa eshiwo ngenhla, kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokuphonsa.
Isibonelo, umshini wokuphonsa we-low-pressure uwuhlobo lomshini wokuphonsa osebenzisa ingcindezi ephansi ukuze ujove insimbi encibilikisiwe esikhunjini.
Imishini yokuphonsa ingcindezi ephansi ifanele ukusakazwa nokubunjwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokuphonsa isifutho ungumshini wokuphonsa ofinyelela ukuphonsa ngokufafaza uketshezi lwensimbi.
Imishini yokuphonsa izifutho ilungele ukuphonsa ama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu futhi kunzima ukuphonsa izinto.
6. Isifinyezo
Umshini wokuphonsa ungomunye wemishini ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni izimboni, ongafinyelela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ephonswe ngokujova insimbi encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni.
Ngokwezidingo ezihlukene kanye nenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe, imishini yokuphonsa ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengemishini yokukhipha ingcindezi, imishini yokuphonsa isihlabathi, imishini yokuphonsa eqhubekayo, njll.
Uhlobo ngalunye lomshini wokuphonsa lunezimo zalo ezisebenzayo kanye nezinzuzo.
Ngokukhetha nokusebenzisa imishini yokuphonsa ngokunengqondo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kungathuthukiswa, izindleko zokukhiqiza zingancishiswa, futhi ukulingisa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kungatholakala.