Izindaba

Esimweni esikhulu semboni yesimanje, imboni yokucubungula insimbi ibilokhu ibambe isikhundla esibalulekile. Njengemishini ebalulekile enqubweni yokucubungula insimbi,umshini wokuncibilikisasekuba amandla abalulekile aqhuba intuthuko yomkhakha wonke ngemisebenzi yawo eyingqayizivele kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha njalo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalo mkhakha, kusukela emasu asendulo okuncibilikisa igolide ngesandla kuya emishinini yokuncibilikisa igolide ezenzakalelayo kakhulu futhi ehlakaniphile, kubone intuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe kanye nokwakheka kokuhlakanipha komuntu. Ukuhlola indlela yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wemishini yokuncibilikisa ngokujulile akusisizi nje kuphela ukuqonda isimo samanje somkhakha wokucubungula insimbi, kodwa futhi kunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zokubikezela izitayela zentuthuko yezimboni zesikhathi esizayo.

1.Isimo Sokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni

(I-1965)1）Usayizi wemakethe kanye nomkhuba wokukhula

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe yemishini yokuncibilikisa igolide ibonise ukuthambekela okuthuthukayo kwentuthuko. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ezikhungweni zocwaningo lwemakethe, ubukhulu bemakethe yomhlaba wonke yemishini yokuncibilikisa buqhubekile nokukhula eminyakeni embalwa edlule futhi kulindeleke ukuthi buqhubeke nokukhula okuzinzile eminyakeni ezayo. E-China, ngokukhula okusheshayo kwemboni yokukhiqiza kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokucubungula insimbi, imakethe yemishini yokuncibilikisa nayo ikhombisa amandla amakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nemali engenayo yokuthengisa, izinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe lemakethe yemishini yokuncibilikisa yasekhaya lifinyelele ku-[X]% eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, okubonisa ngokunembile amandla amakhulu embonini.

(I-1965)2）Ukwandiswa kwezindawo zokufaka isicelo

Izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuncibilikisa igolide zibanzi kakhulu, zimboza izimboni eziningi ezibalulekile njengobucwebe, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye nokukhiqiza kwezimboni. Embonini yobucwebe, imishini yokuncibilikisa igolide ingalawula ngokunembile izinga lokushisa nesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, iqinisekise ukuthi izinsimbi eziyigugu ezifana negolide nesiliva zigcina ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nokuthungwa okuhle ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa, ngaleyo ndlela zihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokukhiqizwa kobucwebe bezinto zokwakha. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, imishini yokuncibilikisa isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa izinto zensimbi ezikhethekile, ezenziwe ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene ezokwelapha njengokufakelwa kwamathambo, ukulungiswa kwamazinyo, njll., okunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sezinto zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokwelapha.

 Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza wezimboni, umshini wokuncibilikisa udlala indima ebalulekile. Kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye zezimoto kuya ekukhiqizweni kwemishini yezindiza, ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwezinto zensimbi ngumshini wokuncibilikisa kubalulekile. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezinkambu zokusetshenziswa akugcini nje ngokuletha amathuba amaningi emakethe embonini yemishini yokuncibilikisa, kodwa futhi kukhuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi acwaninge njalo futhi asungule izinto ezintsha ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni ezahlukene.

2.Ukusungula Nokuthuthuka Kwezobuchwepheshe

(I-1965)1）Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) kuwuphawu olubalulekile lokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bomshini wokuncibilikisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bendabuko be-thyristor, ubuchwepheshe be-IGBT bunemvamisa yokushintsha nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, okuvumela ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile kakhulu kanye nesivinini sokuncibilikisa esisheshayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komshini wokuncibilikisa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-IGBT kungancishiswa ngaphezu kwe-X%, kanti isikhathi sokuncibilikisa singancishiswa cishe nge-X%. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi kunciphisa nezindleko zokusebenza zebhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokushisa bokungenisa obuthuthukisiwe busetshenziswe kabanzi emishinini yokuncibilikisa. Ngomgomo wokungenisa ngogesi, izinto zensimbi zishiswa ngokushesha esikhathini esifushane, okuthuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wokuncibilikisa.

(I-1965)2）Umkhuba wentuthuko ehlakaniphile

Ubuhlakani sebuyinto engenakugwenywa ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yemishini yokuncibilikisa. Namuhla, imishini yokuncibilikisa eminingi kakhulu ifakwe izinhlelo zokulawula ezenzakalelayo. Abasebenzi badinga ukufaka amapharamitha afanele kuphela kuphaneli yokulawula, futhi imishini ingaqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke inqubo yokuncibilikisa, okunciphisa kakhulu umthelela wezinto ezisetshenziswa ngabantu ekhwalithini yokuncibilikisa. Eminye imishini yokuncibilikisa igolide ephezulu nayo inemisebenzi yokuqapha kude, okuvumela abaphathi bebhizinisi ukuthi baqaphe isimo sokusebenza kwedivayisi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi nanoma kuphi ngamaselula abo noma amakhompyutha, futhi bathole futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kalula kokusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwemishini yokuncibilikisa, kodwa futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwamabhizinisi ukuze afinyelele ekukhiqizeni nasekuphatheni okuhlakaniphile.

3.Ukuhlaziywa Kwendawo Encintisanayo

(I-1965)1）Ukubuka Konke Kwamabhizinisi Amakhulu

Embonini yemishini yokuncibilikisa, kuvele iqembu lamabhizinisi anamandla amakhulu kanye nethonya lemakethe. Njengebhizinisi elidumile embonini, iJinkozhi Electronics iqoqe ulwazi olucebile ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe nasekukhiqizeni ngeminyaka yokulima okujulile kanye nomsebenzi ocophelelayo emkhakheni wemishini yokufudumeza yokungenisa. Umshini wokuncibilikisa okhiqizwa yiwo waziwa ngokusebenza kwawo kahle, ukuzinza, nokonga amandla, futhi ubambe isabelo esikhulu emakethe yasekhaya. I-Baofeng Precious Metals igxile ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizweni kwemishini yokuncibilikisa insimbi eyigugu, futhi ithole idumela elihle embonini yobucwebe ngobuciko bayo obuhle kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu. Lawa mabhizinisi awagcini nje ngokukhuthaza intuthuko yomkhakha, kodwa futhi aqinisa isikhundla sawo embonini ngokusungula ubuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo kanye nokwanda kwemakethe.

(I-1965)2）Ukuhlaziywa Kwesu Lokuncintisana

Amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene asebenzise amasu ahlukahlukene okuncintisana. Ngokuphathelene nocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko, amabhizinisi andise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwawo futhi aqhubeka nokwethula imikhiqizo nobuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo yawo. Amanye amabhizinisi athuthukisa namakhono awo okusungula ubuchwepheshe ngokubambisana namanyuvesi kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo ukuqinisa ukubambisana kocwaningo lwamanyuvesi embonini. Ngokuphathelene nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, amabhizinisi alawula ngokuqinile inqubo yokukhiqiza, asebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuzinza kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuphathelene namanani, amabhizinisi akha amasu entengo anengqondo ngokusekelwe ekufuneni kwemakethe kanye nesimo sawo sezindleko ukuze ahehe amakhasimende amaningi. Isevisi nayo iyindlela ebalulekile yokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi. Ngokuhlinzeka ngesikhathi esifanele nangokuphumelelayo ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ekuthengiseni, kanye nezinsizakalo zangemuva kokuthengisa, amabhizinisi angathuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kanye nokwethembeka.

4.Amathuba nenselele zentuthuko

(I-1965)1）Ukuqonda Kwamathuba

Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo semakethe kulethe indawo ebanzi yentuthuko embonini yemishini yokuncibilikisa. Ngokululama komnotho womhlaba kanye nokululama kwemboni yokukhiqiza, isidingo semishini yokuncibilikisa embonini yokucubungula insimbi siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezisafufusa njengezimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye nokuxhumana kwe-5G, kunezidingo eziphakeme zokunemba kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yezinto zensimbi, okunikeza amathuba amasha emakethe ezinkampanini zemishini yokuncibilikisa. Ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo nakho kufake umfutho omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni. Uhulumeni wethule uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokukhiqiza kanye nokwesekwa okwandisiwe kokukhiqiza imishini ephezulu. Njengemishini ebalulekile yokucubungula insimbi, umshini wokuncibilikisa uzuze ekuthuthukisweni kwalezi zinqubomgomo. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe inikeze umfudlana oqhubekayo wamandla amasha okuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini yokuncibilikisa. Izinto ezintsha nezinqubo ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, okudala izimo zokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kanye nokwandiswa kokusebenza kwemishini yokuncibilikisa.

(I-1965)2）Impendulo yenselele

Ukuguquguquka kwamanani entengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa kuyinselele enkulu ebhekene namabhizinisi emishini yokuncibilikisa. Ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokuncibilikisa kuncike ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zensimbi ezahlukahlukene, njengethusi, i-aluminium, njll. Ukuguquguquka okuvamile kwamanani alezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kuye kwabeka ingcindezi enkulu ekulawulweni kwezindleko zamabhizinisi. Ukuncintisana kwemakethe okunamandla okwandayo kubeka nengcindezi enkulu yokusinda kwamabhizinisi. Njengoba amabhizinisi amaningi engena emakethe yemishini yokuncibilikisa, isimo sokuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo sinzima, futhi impi yamanani phakathi kwamabhizinisi iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ingcindezi yokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe nayo iyinkinga okumele amabhizinisi abhekane nayo. Kubuchwepheshe banamuhla obuthuthuka ngokushesha, amakhasimende anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokusebenza nokusebenza kwemishini yokuncibilikisa. Uma amabhizinisi engakwazi ukuhambisana nesivinini sokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi esifanele, asuswa kalula yimakethe. Ebhekene nalezi zinselele, amabhizinisi adinga ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezindleko, alungise iziteshi zokuthenga, futhi anciphise izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa; Ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe inzuzo yokuncintisana ehlukene yemikhiqizo; Ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala nedumela lenkampani.

5.Ukubikezela Izitayela Zentuthuko Yesikhathi Esizayo

(I-1965)1）Umbono wosayizi wemakethe

Kulindeleke ukuthi ubukhulu bemakethe yemboni yemishini yokuncibilikisa buzoqhubeka nokukhula eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni ezisafufusa kanye nokuthuthukiswa nokuguqulwa kwezimboni zendabuko, isidingo semishini yokucubungula insimbi sizoqhubeka nokukhula, okuzohlinzeka ngendawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yemishini yokuncibilikisa. Ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kokukhuthazwa komgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili", imishini yokuncibilikisa eluhlaza, eyonga amandla, nesebenza kahle izothandwa kakhulu yimakethe, futhi isabelo sayo semakethe kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule kakhulu.

(I-1965)2）Umbono ngobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinhlelo zokusebenza

Ngokuphathelene nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, umshini wokuncibilikisa uzothuthukela ekuhlakanipheni okuphezulu, ukuzenzekela, kanye nesiqondiso esiluhlaza. Imishini yokuncibilikisa yesikhathi esizayo ingahlanganisa izinzwa eziningi kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukuzihlola, ukuzilawula, kanye nokusebenza kude kwemishini. Ngokuphathelene nokusungula izinto ezintsha, umshini wokuncibilikisa uzoqhubeka nokukhula uye ezindaweni ezintsha zokufaka izicelo, njengokuncibilikisa izinto zensimbi eziphrintiwe nge-3D kanye nokulungiselela izinto ezintsha zokugcina amandla, okuvula izindawo ezintsha zokukhula zentuthuko yomkhakha.

6.Ugqozi Nokuzindla Ngentuthuko Yemboni

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-umshini wokuncibilikisaImboni ayigcini nje ngokukhuthaza intuthuko yemboni yokucubungula insimbi, kodwa futhi inikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwezinye izimboni ezihlobene. Kusikhanyisela ukuthi ukusungula ubuchwepheshe kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, futhi kuphela ngokukhulisa njalo ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe lapho singamelana khona nokuncintisana okukhulu kwemakethe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhizinisi kufanele anake izinguquko ezidingweni zemakethe, alungise isakhiwo somkhiqizo kanye namasu okuthuthukisa ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe. Uhulumeni kufanele futhi aqinise isiqondiso nokusekelwa kwemboni, akhe izinqubomgomo ezifanele, adale indawo enhle yemakethe, futhi akhuthaze intuthuko enempilo neqhubekayo yemboni yemishini yokuncibilikisa. Uma sibheke phambili esikhathini esizayo, imboni yemishini yokuncibilikisa izoqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokusungula izinto ezintsha, inikele ngamandla amakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yomhlaba wonke.