Izindaba

Igolide liye lakhanga isintu amakhulu eminyaka, hhayi nje ngenxa yenani lalo langaphakathi, kodwa futhi nangenxa yokukhanya kwalo okumangalisayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusebucwebeni, ezinhlamvini zemali noma ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, ukukhanya kwegolide kufakazela izakhiwo zalo eziyingqayizivele. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola ukukhanya okuphelele kudinga okungaphezu kokupholisha; Ngokuvamile kuhilela izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zensimbi.Isithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswa(VIM) ingenye yenqubo enjalo edlala indima ebalulekile ekucwengisiseni igolide, ithuthukise ubuhle bayo kanye nezimfanelo zayo zokusebenza. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka indlela yokwenza igolide likhazimle, kanye nendima ebalulekileIsithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswaidlala kule nqubo.

Funda ngegolide nezakhiwo zalo

Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo nokugqwala nokubola. Isakhiwo sayo se-athomu siyivumela ukuthi ibonise ukukhanya kahle, okwenza kube nokukhanya kwayo okuhlukile. Kodwa-ke, ubumsulwa begolide bungahluka, futhi ukungcola kunganciphisa ukukhanya kwayo. Igolide elihlanzekile (okungukuthi igolide elingu-24 karat) lithambile futhi liyaguquguquka, okwenza lingafaneleki kangako ubucwebe obusetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, igolide livame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinsimbi ezifana nethusi, isiliva, noma i-palladium ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwalo ngenkathi kugcinwa ukukhanya kwalo.

Ukubaluleka Kobumsulwa Begolide

Ukucwebezela kwegolide kuhlobene ngqo nobumsulwa balo. Ukungcola akuthinti nje umbala kanye nokucwebezela kwegolide, kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yalo iyonke. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwethusi kungenza igolide libe nombala obomvu, kuyilapho isiliva lingalinika umbala omhlophe. Ukuze bathole umbala kanye nokucwebezela okufiswayo, abenzi begolide bavame ukufuna ukucwebezela igolide libe sezingeni eliphezulu lokucwebezela. Yilapho-keIsithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswakuyaqala ukusebenza.

KuyiniIsithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswa?

Isithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswa(VIM) inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-metallurgical esetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa nokucwenga izinsimbi endaweni elawulwayo. Le nqubo ihilela ukufaka insimbi esitsheni sokufudumeza bese uyifudumeza kusetshenziswa ikhoyili yokungenisa. Lonke umsebenzi wenzeka ekamelweni le-vacuum, elivimbela ukungcoliswa komoya futhi linciphise i-oxidation. Le ndlela inenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinsimbini eziyigugu njengegolide, njengoba ivumela ukulawulwa okunembile kwenqubo yokuncibilikisa kanye nokwakheka komkhiqizo wokugcina.

Isithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswainqubo

UkulungiselelaIsinyathelo sokuqala ku-VIM ukulungiselela igolide nanoma yiziphi izinsimbi ze-alloy. Izinto ziyakalwa ngokucophelela futhi zihlanzwe ukuze kususwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okungaphezulu.

Ukuncibilika: Faka insimbi elungisiwe esitsheni esivuthayo bese uyibeka ngaphakathi kwekhoyili yokungenisa. Ukushisa kokungenisa kudala insimu kagesi encibilikisa insimbi ngokushesha nangokulinganayo.

Indawo Yokuhlanza I-Vacuum: Amakamelo okuhlanza aklanyelwe ukususa umoya kanye namanye amagesi angase asabela ngensimbi encibilikisiwe. Le ndawo ibalulekile ekugcineni ubumsulwa begolide nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa.

Ukuhlanganisa: Uma igolide lizoxutshwa nezinye izinsimbi, lokhu kwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwezimo zokushisa kanye ne-vacuum kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okunembile kwezinsimbi, okuholela ku-alloy efanayo.

Ukulingisa: Uma igolide selincibilikisiwe futhi lifinyelela ukwakheka okufunwayo, lithululelwa ezikhumbeni ukuze kwakhiwe izingcezu zegolide noma ezinye izimo. Inqubo yokupholisa nayo ilawulwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bomkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ukuqeda: Ngemva kokubunjwa, igolide lingadlula ezinqubweni ezengeziwe ezifana nokulifaka, ukulipholisha, kanye nokulifaka nge-electroplating ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhazimula kwalo futhi lilungiselelwe ubucwebe noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Izinzuzo Zokuncibilikisa Igolide Nge-Vacuum Induction

1. Thuthukisa ubumsulwa

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-VIM yikhono layo lokukhiqiza igolide elicwengekile kakhulu. Indawo yokuhlanza inciphisa ingozi yokungcola, iqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina awunazo izinto ezingafuneki. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezisetshenziswayo lapho ubumsulwa bubaluleke khona, njengezinto zikagesi noma amadivayisi ezokwelapha.

2. Thuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini

Inqubo yokuncibilikisa nokupholisa elawulwayo ku-VIM ithuthukisa izakhiwo zegolide. Ngokuphatha ngokucophelela inqubo yokuhlanganisa, abakhiqizi bangakha izinsimbi zegolide ezinezakhiwo ezithile, njengamandla akhuphukile noma ukuguguleka okuthuthukisiwe, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukukhazimula.

3. Ikhwalithi ezinzile

I-VIM ivumela ukulawulwa okunembile kwezinqubo zokuncibilikisa nokuhlanganisa, okuholela ekhwalithini eqhubekayo kusukela kubhetshi kuya kubhetshi. Lokhu kubalulekile kubakhiqizi abadinga ukuhambisana komkhiqizo, kungaba ubucwebe noma ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni.

4. Nciphisa i-oxidation

Indawo yokuphuma kwe-vacuum ye-VIM inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphuma kwe-oxidation ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngegolide, njengoba ukuphuma kwe-oxidation kungabangela ukushintsha kombala nokulahlekelwa ukukhazimula. Ngokunciphisa ukuthintana nomoya-mpilo, i-VIM isiza ukugcina izimfanelo zobuhle begolide.

5. Ukuguquguquka

I-VIM ayigcini nje ngegolide; ingasetshenziswa ukuncibilikisa nokucwengisisa izinsimbi ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kubakhiqizi abasebenza ngezinto ezahlukahlukene futhi abadinga inqubo yokuncibilikisa ethembekile.

Indlela yokwenza igolide likhanye

NgesikhathiIsithando Sokuncibilikisa UkungeniswaIdlala indima ebalulekile ekucwengisiseni igolide, kudingeka amasu ahlukahlukene okuqeda ukuze kufezwe ukukhazimula okuphelele. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwenza igolide likhanye:

1. Ukupholisha

Ukupholisha kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ukukhanya kwegolide. Le nqubo ihilela ukusebenzisa izinto ezihudulayo ukususa ukungapheleli kobuso nokudala ubuso obubushelelezi, obukhanyayo. Abenzi bezinto zokuhloba bavame ukusebenzisa izinto zokupholisha namasondo okupholisha ukuze bathole ukukhanya okuphezulu.

2. Ukuhlanza

Ngaphambi kokupholisha, igolide kumele lihlanzwe ukuze kususwe ukungcola, uwoyela, noma ukubola. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo esithambile samanzi afudumele nensipho ethambile, bese ugeza bese womisa ngendwangu ethambile.

3. Ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukugoba ngegolide kungathuthukisa ukukhazimula nokubukeka kwezinto zegolide. Le nqubo ihilela ukumboza isisekelo sensimbi ngesendlalelo esincane segolide, okuhlinzeka ngokuqeda okukhazimulayo ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko.

4. Ukufakwa kwe-Rhodium

I-Rhodium plating iyindlela ethandwayo esetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukukhanya kwegolide elimhlophe. I-Rhodium iyinsimbi ekhanyayo kakhulu enikeza isiphetho esikhanyayo, esifana nesibuko. Le nqubo ayithuthukisi nje kuphela ukukhanya kodwa futhi inezela ungqimba lokuvikela ekuklwebhekeni nasekushintsheni kombala.

5. Ukunakekelwa njalo

Ukuze igolide lihlale likhazimula, ukunakekelwa njalo kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza nokupholisha njengoba kudingeka, kanye nokugcinwa kahle kwezinto zegolide ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuklwebheka nokulimala.

Ekuphetheni

Ukukhanga kwegolide akugcini nje ngokuba yigugu kodwa futhi nasekukhanyeni kwalo okumangalisayo. Ukufeza ukucwebezela okuphelele kudinga inhlanganisela yobumsulwa obuphezulu kanye namasu okuqeda aphumelelayo.Isithando Sokuncibilikisa Ukungeniswaidlala indima ebalulekile ekucwengisisweni kwegolide, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifinyelela amazinga okuhlanzeka adingekayo kanye nekhwalithi. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kwe-VIM nokusebenzisa amasu okunakekela afanele, noma ubani angajabulela ukukhanya kwegolide iminyaka ezayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusebucwebeni, kuma-elekthronikhi noma kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukukhanya kwegolide bekulokhu kuwuphawu lobuhle kanye nokugqwesa, okufezwa ngezinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zensimbi.