Izindaba

Izinsimbi eziyigugu zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yanamuhla, ubucwebe, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye neminye imikhakha. Njengemishini ebalulekile yokucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa zensimbi eziyigugu zibe yizinhlayiya ezijwayelekile, ukukhethwa kwe-vacuum granulator yensimbi eyigugu kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho zamabhizinisi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-efanelekayoi-vacuum granulatorngezinsimbi eziyigugu, okunikeza izinkomba eziphelele kubasebenzi abafanele.

1、 Cacisa izidingo zokukhiqiza

(1) Izidingo zomthamo

Amabhizinisi adinga ukunquma umthamo wokukhiqiza odingekayo wama-granulator ngokusekelwe kumthamo wawo we-oda lemakethe kanye nesilinganiso sokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ibhizinisi elikhulu lokucubungula ubucwebe elinomthamo we-oda lansuku zonke wezinkulungwane zobucwebe bensimbi eyigugu lidinga i-granulator enamandla okukhiqiza aphezulu, njengemishini ekhiqiza amashumi amakhilogremu noma ngaphezulu ngehora, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo. Ama-workshop amancane noma ama-laboratory angaba namandla okukhiqiza angamakhilogremu amaningana ngehora, okwanele.

(2) Usayizi wezinhlayiya

Izinkambu ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa zinezidingo ezahlukene zemininingwane yezinhlayiya zensimbi eyigugu. Embonini ye-elekthronikhi, izinhlayiya zensimbi eyigugu ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip kungadingeka zibe nobukhulu obuqondile obulingana ne-micrometer futhi zifane; Ekukhiqizweni kwezinsimbi zegolide zokutshalwa kwezimali, usayizi wezinhlayiya mkhulu kakhulu futhi uvumela ukubekezelelana kosayizi othile, njengosayizi wezinhlayiya ohambisana nesisindo esijwayelekile njengegremu eli-1, amagremu ama-5, namagremu ayi-10.

2、 Ukucatshangelwa kwemingcele yobuchwepheshe eyinhloko

(1) Izinga lokuhlanza umoya

Izinga eliphezulu le-vacuum linganciphisa ngempumelelo ukufakwa kwe-oxidation kanye negesi kwezinsimbi eziyigugu ngesikhathi senqubo ye-granulation. Ngokuvamile, ukuze kukhiqizwe izinhlayiya zensimbi eziyigugu ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izinga le-vacuum kufanele lifinyelele ku-10⁻³kuya ku-10⁻⁵ama-pascal. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwezinhlayiya zensimbi eziyigugu kakhulu njenge-platinum ne-palladium, i-vacuum ephansi ingaholela ekwakhekeni kwamafilimu e-oxide ebusweni bezinhlayiya, okuthinta ubumsulwa bazo kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula okulandelayo.

(2) Ukunemba kokulawula izinga lokushisa

Ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokubumba izinhlayiya. Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwegolide, ukuphambuka kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kulawulwe ngaphakathi± 5 ℃Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, lingabangela ukuthi amaconsi ensimbi abe mancane kakhulu futhi akheke ngendlela engajwayelekile; Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, lingabangela ukugeleza okubi koketshezi lwensimbi futhi livimbele ukwakheka okubushelelezi kwezinhlayiya.

(3) Uhlelo lokulawula ukucindezela

Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi okuzinzile kungaqinisekisa ukukhishwa kanye nokuma okufanayo kwamaconsi ensimbi. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zengcindezi ezinembile kakhulu namadivayisi ahlakaniphile okulawula ingcindezi, ukushintshashintsha kwengcindezi kungalawulwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuncane kakhulu, kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi nesimo senhlayiya ngayinye.

3、 Izinto zemishini kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo

(I-1965)1）Izinto zokuthintana

Ngenxa yenani eliphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukile zezinsimbi eziyigugu, izingxenye ze-granulator ezithinta izinsimbi eziyigugu kufanele zenziwe ngezinto ezihlanzekile kakhulu nezimelana nokugqwala. Izinto ze-graphite noma ze-ceramic ezihlanzekile kakhulu zingasetshenziswa njengezitsha zokuvimbela ukungcola kwensimbi; I-nozzle ingenziwa ngezinto ezikhethekile ze-alloy ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kanye nokungabikho kokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngezinsimbi eziyigugu.

(I-1965)2）Ukuhleleka kwesakhiwo

Isakhiwo semishini kufanele kube lula ukuyisebenzisa, ukuyinakekela, nokuyihlanza. Isibonelo, ukwamukela umklamo we-nozzle okhishwayo kwenza kube lula ukuyifaka esikhundleni lapho kukhiqizwa izinhlayiya zemininingwane ehlukene; Isakhiwo sonke kufanele sibe sincane, sinciphise unyawo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inesikhala esanele sokushabalalisa ukushisa kanye nokunyakaza kwemishini, njengokuhlelwa kwama-motor, amadivayisi okudlulisa, njll. kufanele kube okunengqondo.

4、 Izinhlelo Zokuzenzakalela Nokulawula

(1) Izinga lokuzenzakalela

I-granulator esebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo inganciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokuqina kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, imishini enokudla okuzenzakalelayo, izinga lokushisa elizenzakalelayo kanye nokulawulwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlunga izinhlayiya okuzenzakalelayo kanye nemisebenzi yokuqoqa kunganciphisa izinkinga zekhwalithi ezibangelwa amaphutha okusebenza kwabantu ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi. Ama-granulator athuthukile angafinyelela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo okungahleliwe kwamahora angama-24 ngezinhlelo ezisethiwe.

(2) Imisebenzi yesistimu yokulawula

Uhlelo lokulawula kufanele lube nesixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula ukuze opharetha basethe amapharamitha futhi baqaphe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lunemisebenzi yokuxilonga amaphutha kanye ne-alamu. Lapho imishini ihlangabezana nezinkinga ezifana nokushisa okungajwayelekile, ukulahleka kwengcindezi, ukwehluleka komshini, njll., ingakhipha i-alamu ngokushesha futhi ibonise indawo kanye nembangela yephutha, okwenza kube lula ngabasebenzi bokulungisa ukuthola nokuxazulula inkinga ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula lwe-PLC, ukulawula okunembile kanye nokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela kwezigaba zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ze-granulator kungafezwa.

5、 Isevisi yokulungisa kanye neyokuthengisa ngemuva kokuthengisa

(1) Ukugcinwa

Ukulula kokugcinwa kwemishini kubonakala ngokusebenza kwezingxenye kanye nokulula kokugcinwa. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezijwayelekile, imishini ingashintshwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle; Ukwakheka kwesakhiwo semishini kufanele kube lula ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi ngabasebenzi bokulungisa, njengokugcina amachweba okuhlola anele kanye nokwamukela imiqondo yokuklama ye-modular.

(2) Ikhwalithi yesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa

Ukukhetha umenzi onedumela elihle lenkonzo yangemva kokuthengisa kubalulekile. Abakhiqizi kufanele bakwazi ukunikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi esifanele, njengokuphendula nokunikeza izixazululo zingakapheli amahora angama-24 uma imishini ihluleka; Izinsizakalo zokulungisa imishini njalo, njengokuhlola okuphelele nokulungisa amaphutha emishini njalo ngekota noma njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha; Nokunikeza izingxenye ezanele zokusekela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ingashintshwa ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuguguleka kwezingxenye, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inqubekela phambili yokukhiqiza.

6、 Ukuhlaziywa kwezinzuzo zezindleko

(I-1965)1）Izindleko zokuthenga imishini

Kukhona umehluko omkhulu wamanani phakathi kwama-granulator e-vacuum ensimbi eyigugu yemikhiqizo ehlukene, amamodeli, kanye nokucushwa. Ngokuvamile, imishini enemisebenzi ethuthukisiwe, amandla aphezulu okukhiqiza, kanye nezinto ezinhle kakhulu ibiza kakhulu. Amabhizinisi kudingeka enze izinqumo ngokusekelwe kwisabelomali sawo, kodwa awakwazi ukuthembela kuphela entengo njengesici sodwa. Kufanele acabangele ukusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yemishini ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, i-granulator ye-vacuum yensimbi eyigugu engenisiwe esezingeni eliphezulu ingabiza amakhulu ezinkulungwane noma ngisho nezigidi zama-yuan, kuyilapho imishini ekhiqizwa ngaphakathi ezweni ephakathi kuya kwephansi ingasukela emashumini ezinkulungwane kuya emakhulwini ezinkulungwane zama-yuan.

(I-1965)2）izindleko zokusebenza

Izindleko zokusebenza zifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukwehla kwenani lemishini, izindleko zokulungisa, njll. Isibonelo, ama-granulator asebenzisa amandla amaningi azokwandisa izindleko zikagesi zenkampani ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside; Izindleko zokwehla kwenani lemishini zihlobene nentengo yokuqala yokuthenga kanye nempilo yesevisi yemishini; Ukugcinwa njalo kanye nokufakwa kwezingxenye nakho kuyingxenye yezindleko zokusebenza. Amabhizinisi kudingeka ahlole ngokuphelele izindleko eziphelele zemishini esikhathini sayo sesevisi futhi akhethe imikhiqizo engabizi kakhulu.

isiphetho

Ukukhetha okulungilei-granulator ye-vacuum yensimbi eyigugukudinga ukucatshangelwa okubanzi kwezinto eziningi ezifana nezidingo zokukhiqiza, imingcele yobuchwepheshe, izinto zokwakha nezakhiwo zemishini, izinga lokuzenzakalela, isevisi yokugcinwa kanye neyokuthengisa ngemuva kokuthengisa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Enqubweni yokukhetha, amabhizinisi kudingeka abe nokuqonda okujulile ngesimo sawo sokukhiqiza nezidingo zawo, enze ucwaningo oluningiliziwe, ukuqhathanisa, kanye nokuhlola imishini evela kubakhiqizi namamodeli ahlukene, futhi enze ngisho nokuhlolwa kwendawo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesilingo, ukuze akhethe i-granulator ye-vacuum yensimbi eyigugu ehlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zawo zokukhiqiza, enezindleko ezingcono kakhulu, kanye nensizakalo eqinisekisiwe ngemuva kokuthengisa, ebeka isisekelo esiqinile sokukhiqiza okuphumelelayo nokuzinzile kwebhizinisi.