Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu. Abantu abaningi balithenga ngenhloso yokugcina nokwazisa inani lalo. Kodwa okukhathazayo ukuthi abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izingodo zabo zegolide noma izinhlamvu zemali zegolide zesikhumbuzo zigqwalile.
Igolide elicwengekile ngeke ligqwale
Izinsimbi eziningi zisabela nomoya-mpilo ukuze zakhe ama-oxide ensimbi, esiwabiza ngokuthi ukugqwala. Kodwa njengensimbi eyigugu, igolide aligqwali. Kungani? Lona umbuzo othakazelisayo. Sidinga ukuxazulula imfihlakalo ngezakhiwo zegolide.
Kumakhemikhali, ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuyinqubo yamakhemikhali lapho into ethile ilahlekelwa ama-electron bese iba ama-ion amahle. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-oxygen emvelweni, kulula ukuthola ama-electron kwezinye izakhi ukuze akhe ama-oxide. Ngakho-ke, sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi ukusabela kwe-oxidation. Amandla e-oxygen okuthola ama-electron aqinisekile, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi isakhi ngasinye silahlekelwe ama-electron ahlukile, okuncike emandleni e-ionization ama-electron angaphandle e-element.
Isakhiwo se-athomu segolide
Igolide linokumelana okunamandla kwe-oxidation. Njengensimbi yokuguquka, amandla ayo okuqala e-ionization afinyelela ku-890.1kj/mol, alandela i-mercury (1007.1kj/mol) ngakwesokudla sayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthi umoya-mpilo ubambe i-electron egolideni. Igolide aligcini nje ngokuba namandla aphezulu e-ionization kunezinye izinsimbi, kodwa futhi line-atomization enthalpy ephezulu ngenxa yama-electron angabhangqiwe ku-orbit yayo ye-6S. I-atomization enthalpy yegolide ingu-368kj/mol (i-mercury ingu-64kj/mol kuphela), okusho ukuthi igolide linamandla amakhulu okubopha insimbi, futhi ama-athomu egolide akhangwa kakhulu, kuyilapho ama-athomu e-mercury engakhangwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kulula ukubhobozwa ngamanye ama-athomu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-01-2022
