Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu. Abantu abaningi bayithenga ngenjongo yokugcina nokwazisa ukubaluleka kwayo. Kodwa okukhathazayo ukuthi abanye abantu bathola izinsimbi zabo zegolide noma izinhlamvu zegolide eziyisikhumbuzo zigqwalile.
Igolide elihlanzekile ngeke ligle
Izinsimbi eziningi zihlangana nomoya-mpilo ukuze zakhe ama-oxide ensimbi, esiwabiza ngokuthi ukugqwala. Kodwa njengensimbi eyigugu, igolide aligqwali. Kungani? Lona umbuzo othakazelisayo. Sidinga ukuxazulula imfihlakalo kusukela ezintweni eziyisisekelo zegolide.
Ekhemistry, ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuyinqubo yamakhemikhali lapho into ilahlekelwa ama-electron futhi ibe ama-ion amahle. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu komoyampilo emvelweni, kulula ukuthola ama-electron avela kwezinye izakhi ukuze akhe ama-oxide. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo siyibiza nge-oxidation reaction. Ikhono le-oksijini lokuthola ama-electron liqinisekile, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi isici ngasinye silahlekelwe ama-electron ahlukile, okuncike emandleni e-ionization yama-electron angaphandle we-elementi.
Isakhiwo se-athomu segolide
Igolide linokumelana ne-oxidation okuqinile. Njengensimbi yoguquko, amandla ayo okuqala e-ionization aphezulu njengo-890.1kj/mol, okwesibili kuphela kune-mercury (1007.1kj/mol) kwesokudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthi umoya-mpilo uthwebule i-electron egolideni. Igolide aligcini nje ngokuba namandla e-ionization aphezulu kunezinye izinsimbi, kodwa futhi line-atomization enthalpy ephezulu ngenxa yama-electron angabhanqiwe ku-orbit yayo engu-6S. I-atomization enthalpy yegolide yi-368kj / mol (i-mercury ingama-64kj / mol kuphela), okusho ukuthi igolide linamandla okubopha insimbi aqinile, nama-athomu egolide akhangwa kakhulu, kuyilapho ama-athomu e-mercury engakhangane kakhulu, kulula ukubhobolwa ngamanye ama-athomu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-01-2022
