Izindaba

An isithando somlilo esincibilikisa inductioniyisithando somlilo sikagesi esisebenzisa ukushisa kwe-induction yezinto ukuze zishise noma zincibilike. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesithando somlilo sokungeniswa zihlanganisa izinzwa, umzimba wesithando somlilo, ukunikezwa kwamandla, ama-capacitor, kanye nesistimu yokulawula.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesithando somlilo sokungeniswa zihlanganisa izinzwa, umzimba wesithando somlilo, ukunikezwa kwamandla, ama-capacitor, kanye nesistimu yokulawula.

Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushintshana kwezinkambu zikazibuthe esithandweni sokufakelwa, ama-eddy currents akhiqizwa ngaphakathi kokubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela yokushisisa noma yokuncibilika. Ngaphansi komthelela onyakazayo wale nsimu kazibuthe eshintshanayo, ukwakheka kanye nezinga lokushisa kwezinto ezisesithandweni kufana ngokuqhathaniswa. Amazinga okushisa okubumba angafinyelela ku-1250 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lingafinyelela ku-1650 ℃.

Ngaphezu kokukwazi ukushisa noma ukuncibilika emkhathini, izithando zokufakelwa zingashisa noma zincibilike endaweni engenalutho neyokuvikela efana ne-argon ne-neon ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zekhwalithi ezikhethekile. Izithando zokungenisa izinto zinezinzuzo ezivelele ekungeneni noma ekuncibilikiseni ama-alloys athambile kazibuthe, ama-alloys ukumelana kakhulu, ama-alloys eqembu leplatinamu, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, ama-alloys angagugi, nezinsimbi ezihlanzekile. Izithando zokungeniswa zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izithando zokushisa zokungeniswa kanye neziko lokuncibilikisa.

Isithando somlilo sikagesi esisebenzisa amandla amanje akhiqizwa yikhoyili yokungeniswa ukuze kushise izinto. Uma ukufudumala izinto zensimbi, zibeke ezitsheni ezenziwe ngezinto eziphikisayo. Uma ushisisa izinto ezingezona ezensimbi, beka izinto ku-graphite crucible. Lapho imvamisa yamanje eshintshanayo inyuswa, imvamisa yamanje eyenziwe yanda ngokuhambisanayo, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwenani lokushisa elikhiqizwayo. Isithando somlilo sokungeniswa sishisa ngokushesha, sinamazinga okushisa aphezulu, kulula ukusebenza nokulawula, futhi izinto ezisetshenziswayo azingcoliswa kancane ngesikhathi sokushisa, ziqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuncibilikisa izinto ezikhethekile ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ingasetshenziswa futhi njengemishini yokushisa nokulawula ukukhulisa amakristalu angawodwa ukusuka ekuncibilikeni.

Izithando zomlilo ezincibilikisayo zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: izithando zokungenisa amakhorali nezinsimbi ezingenasisekelo.

I-cored induction furnace inomongo wensimbi odlula ku-inductor futhi inikwa amandla ukunikezwa kwamandla okuvama kagesi. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuncibilika nokufakwa kwezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene njengensimbi ekhonjiwe, ithusi, ithusi, i-zinc, njll., nokusebenza kahle kukagesi okungaphezu kuka-90%. Ingasebenzisa izinto zomlilo ezilahlwayo, inezindleko eziphansi zokuncibilika, kanye nomthamo omkhulu weziko elingamathani angama-270.

Isithando somlilo esingenayo i-coreless asinawo umgogodla wensimbi odlula ku-inductor, futhi sihlukaniswe isithando somlilo sokungeniswa kwemvamisa yamandla, isithando somlilo esiphindwe kathathu, isithando somlilo se-generator esiphakathi nendawo, isithando somlilo se-thyristor medium frequency induction, kanye nesithando somlilo se-high-frequency induction.

Imishini esekelayo

Imishini ephelele yesithando somlilo esimaphakathi esiphakathi ihlanganisa: ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nengxenye yokulawula kagesi, ingxenye yomzimba yesithando somlilo, idivayisi yokudlulisela, kanye nesistimu yokupholisa amanzi.

isimiso sokusebenza

Lapho ukushintshashintsha kwamanje kudlula ikhoyili yokungeniswa, inkambu kazibuthe eshintshanayo iyakhiqizwa eduze kwekhoyili, futhi okokusebenza kokusebenza esithandweni kukhiqiza amandla akhona ngaphansi kwesenzo senkambu kazibuthe eshintshanayo. I-electric current (i-eddy current) yenziwa ekujuleni okuthile ebusweni bezinto zesithando somlilo, futhi impahla yesithando somlilo iyashiswa futhi incibilikiswe yi-eddy current.

(1) Isivinini sokushisa esisheshayo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, i-oxidation encane kanye ne-decarbonization, ukonga impahla kanye nezindleko zokufa

Ngenxa yomgomo wokushisa okuphakathi kwe-induction okuyi-electromagnetic, ukushisa kwayo kukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ngokwayo. Izisebenzi ezivamile zingaqhubeka nokusebenza ekwenzeni imisebenzi emizuzwini eyishumi ngemva kokusebenzisa isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sabasebenzi beziko abachwepheshile ukuze benze umsebenzi wokushiswa komlilo kanye nokuvala umsebenzi kusengaphambili. Ungakhathazeki ngokumoshwa kwamabhilidi ashisayo esithandweni samalahle okubangelwa ukuphela kukagesi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini.

Ngenxa yesivinini sokushisa esisheshayo sale ndlela yokushisa, kukhona i-oxidation encane kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezishisi zamalahle, ithani ngalinye lokubumba ligcina okungenani amakhilogremu angama-20-50 wezinto zokusetshenziswa zensimbi, futhi izinga lokusebenzisa kwawo impahla lingafinyelela ku-95%.

Ngenxa yokushisisa okufanayo kanye nomehluko omncane wokushisa phakathi komnyombo nangaphezulu, le ndlela yokushisisa inyusa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yefayiji ekufogeni, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bokubumba bungaphansi kuka-50um.

(2) Indawo yokusebenza ephakeme, indawo yokusebenza ethuthukisiwe kanye nesithombe senkampani sabasebenzi, ukungangcoli, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezitofu zamalahle, izitofu zokushisisa azisavezi izisebenzi ekubhakeni nasekubhemeni kwezitofu zamalahle ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo, ezihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezihlukahlukene zomnyango wokuvikela imvelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, basungula isithombe sangaphandle senkampani kanye nenkambiso yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yemboni yokuqamba.

(3) Ukushisa okufanayo, umehluko omncane wokushisa phakathi kwengqikithi nendawo, kanye nokunemba kokulawula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu

Ukushisa kwe-induction kukhiqiza ukushisa ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ngokwayo, okuholela ekushiseni okufanayo kanye nomehluko omncane wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwengqikithi nendawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokulawula izinga lokushisa kungafinyelela ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nezinga lokufaneleka.

imvamisa yamandla

I-Industrial frequency induction furnace iyisithando sokungenisa esisebenzisa imvamisa yemboni (50 noma 60 Hz) njengomthombo wamandla. Isithando somlilo se-industrial frequency induction sesithuthuke saba umshini wokuncibilikisa osetshenziswa kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesithando somlilo sokuncibilika ukuncibilikisa insimbi empunga, insimbi egayiwe ethambile, i-ductile iron, ne-alloy cast iron. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye isetshenziswe njengesithando somlilo sokushisa. Ngokufanayo, isithando somlilo sokungenisa imvamisa yamandla sithathe indawo ye-cupola njengesici sokukhiqiza

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cupola, isithando somlilo se-industrial induction sinezinzuzo eziningi, njengokulawula kalula ukubunjwa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye nezinga lokushisa, igesi ephansi kanye nokuqukethwe kokufakwa kokusakazwa, akukho ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, ukongiwa kwamandla, kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, iziko lokungeniswa kwe-industrial frequency induction liye lathuthuka ngokushesha.

Isethi ephelele yemishini yesithando somlilo se-industrial frequency induction ihlanganisa izingxenye ezine ezinkulu.

1. Ingxenye yomzimba yesithando somlilo

Umzimba wesithando somlilo sokungenisa imvamisa yezimboni sokuncibilikisa insimbi encibilikisiwe wenziwe ngeziko ezimbili zokuncibilikisa (eyokuncibilikisa enye ngeyokugcina ikhophi), ikhava yesithando somlilo, uhlaka lwesithando somlilo, isilinda sikawoyela esitshekisayo, kanye nesembozo somlilo esinyakazayo sokuvula nokuvala idivayisi.

2. Ingxenye kagesi

Ingxenye kagesi iqukethe iziguquli zamandla, othintana nabo abakhulu, ama-bancing reactors, ama-balance capacitor, ama-capacitor anxephezelayo, nama-consoles okulawula ugesi.

3. Uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi

Isistimu yamanzi okupholisa ihlanganisa ukupholisa kwe-capacitor, ukupholisa kwe-inductor, nokupholisa ikhebula eliguquguqukayo. Uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa luqukethe iphampu yamanzi, ithange lamanzi elijikelezayo noma umbhoshongo wokupholisa, namavalvu epayipi.

4. Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic

Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luhlanganisa ithangi likawoyela, iphampu kawoyela, injini yephampu kawoyela, amapayipi wesistimu ye-hydraulic kanye nama-valve, kanye nesiteji sokusebenza kwe-hydraulic.

Imvamisa emaphakathi

Isithando somlilo esinemvamisa yokunikezwa kwamandla ebangeni le-150-10000 Hz sibizwa ngokuthi isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo, futhi imvamisa yaso eyinhloko ikububanzi obungu-150-2500 Hz. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi wesithando sokungenisa imvamisa encane yasekhaya kunamafrikhwensi amathathu: 150, 1000, kanye no-2500 Hz.

I-intermediate frequency induction furnace iyithuluzi elikhethekile lensimbi elifanele ukuncibilikisa insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu nama-alloys. Uma iqhathaniswa neziko lokungeniswa kwezinga lomsebenzi, inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

(1) Isivinini sokuncibilika ngokushesha nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Umthamo wamandla weziko lokungeniswa kwefrikhwensi ephakathi uphezulu, futhi ukumiswa kwamandla ngethani lensimbi cishe kuphakeme ngo-20-30% kunaleyo yeziko lokungeniswa kwemvamisa yezimboni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, isivinini sokuncibilika kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi esiphakathi siyashesha futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu.

(2) Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile nokusetshenziswa okuvumelana nezimo. Isithando somlilo ngasinye sesithando somlilo se-medium frequency induction singakhipha ngokuphelele insimbi encibilikisiwe, okwenza kube lula ukushintsha izinga lensimbi; Kodwa-ke, uketshezi lwensimbi esithandweni somlilo ngasinye se-industrial frequency induction furnace aluvunyelwe ukukhishwa ngokuphelele, futhi ingxenye yoketshezi lwensimbi kufanele igcinwe ukuze isithando somlilo esilandelayo siqale. Ngakho-ke, ukushintsha izinga lensimbi akulula futhi kulungele kuphela ukuncibilikisa uhlobo olulodwa lwensimbi.

(3) Umphumela wokunyakazisa kazibuthe muhle. Ngenxa yamandla kazibuthe kagesi athwalwa uketshezi lwensimbi ngokuphambene nempande yesikwele yefrikhwensi yokunikezwa kwamandla, amandla anyakazayo okunikezwa kwamandla okuvama okumaphakathi mancane kunalawo okunikezwa kwamandla okuvama kwamandla. Ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okufanayo, kanye nezinga lokushisa elifanayo ensimbi, umphumela onyakazayo wokunikezwa kwamandla okuvama okumaphakathi muhle uma kuqhathaniswa. Amandla anyakazayo amaningi okunikezwa kwamandla okuvama kwamandla akhuphula amandla okukhuhla ensimbi olayini lwesithando somlilo, okungagcini nje ukunciphisa umphumela wokucwengisiswa kodwa futhi kunciphisa ubude bempilo be-crucible.

(4) Kulula ukuqala ukusebenza. Ngenxa yomphumela wesikhumba we-intermediate frequency current mkhulu kakhulu kunaleyo yamanje yefrikhwensi yamandla, asikho isidingo esikhethekile sempahla yesithando somlilo ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kwesithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo. Ngemuva kokulayisha, ingashiswa ngokushesha futhi ishise; Isithando somlilo sokungenisa imvamisa yezimboni sidinga ibhulokhi yokuvula eyenziwe ngokukhethekile (cishe isigamu sobude be-crucible, njengensimbi ecijile noma i-cast iron) ukuze siqale ukushisisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lihamba kancane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile, izithando zomlilo eziphakathi nendawo zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Enye inzuzo yokuqalisa kalula ukuthi ingonga ugesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile.

Idivayisi yokushisa yesithando somlilo ephakathi nendawo inezinzuzo zevolumu encane, isisindo esincane, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu yokucubungula okushisayo, nendawo ekahle. Iqeda ngokushesha iziko ezibaswa ngamalahle, iziko elibaswa ngegesi, iziko elibaswa ngowoyela, neziko ezivamile zokushibilika, futhi iyisizukulwane esisha semishini yokushisisa yensimbi.

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, izithando zokushisa eziphakathi nendawo ziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni insimbi nama-alloys eminyakeni yamuva, futhi ziye zathuthuka ngokushesha ekukhiqizeni insimbi ekhonjiwe, ikakhulukazi ku-workshop yokuphonsa esebenza ngezikhathi ezithile.