Izindaba

I-Solder, njengento yokuxhuma ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi efana ne-elekthronikhi, izimoto, izindiza, njll., ikhwalithi yayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo kuthinta ngqo ukuthembeka nokuzinza kwemikhiqizo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, izidingo zokuhlanzeka, isakhiwo esincane, kanye nokusebenza kwe-solder ziya ngokuya ziphakama. Njengemishini yokusakaza yensimbi ethuthukisiwe, umshini wokusakaza oqhubekayo we-vacuum ovundlile uye wadonsela ukunaka kancane kancane embonini yokusakaza, unikeza ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokukhiqizwa kwe-solder esezingeni eliphezulu.

1、Isimiso sokusebenzaumshini wokuphonsa ovundlile oqhubekayo

Umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo we-vacuum ovundlile wakhiwe kakhulu isithando somlilo, i-crystallizer, idivayisi yokudonsa i-billet, uhlelo lwe-vacuum, nezinye izingxenye. Okokuqala, faka izinto ze-solder esithandweni sokuncibilikisa bese uzifudumeza ukuze zifinyelele izinga lokushisa elifanele loketshezi. Ngemuva kwalokho, indawo yokuphonsa ikhishwa ngezinga elithile ngohlelo lwe-vacuum ukuze kuncishiswe ukuxubana kokungcola kwegesi. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla adonsela phansi kanye nengcindezi yangaphandle, i-solder yoketshezi igeleza iye kwi-crystallizer ebekwe ngokuvundlile, epholiswa ngamanzi ajikelezayo ukuze iqine kancane kancane futhi icwebezele odongeni lwayo lwangaphakathi, yakhe igobolondo. Ngokubamba kancane kwedivayisi yokuphonsa, i-solder entsha yoketshezi igcwaliswa njalo kwi-crystallizer, futhi igobolondo le-solder eliqinile likhishwa njalo, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe inqubo yokuphonsa eqhubekayo.

umshini wokuphonsa ovundlile oqhubekayo

2、Izinzuzo Zomshini Wokuphonsa Ovundlile Oqhubekayo Woku-Vacuum

(I-1965)1）Thuthukisa ubumsulwa be-solder

Ukuphonswa endaweni engenamanzi kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukungcola kwegesi okufana nomoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen ukuthi kungangeni ku-solder, kunciphise ukwakheka kwe-oxide inclusions kanye nama-pores, kuthuthukise kakhulu ubumsulwa be-solder, futhi kuthuthukise ukumanzisa kwayo kanye nokugeleza kwayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphonswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yejoyinti eliphonswe.

(I-1965)2）Thuthukisa isakhiwo esincane sezinto zokufaka i-solder

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphotha eqhubekayo ye-vacuum evundlile, izinga lokuqina kwe-solder ewuketshezi liyafana, futhi izinga lokupholisa liyalawuleka, okusiza ekwakheni isakhiwo esifanayo nesinohlamvu oluhle nokunciphisa izimo zokuhlukaniswa. Lesi sakhiwo sokuhlela esifanayo senza izakhiwo zemishini ze-solder ziqine kakhudlwana, njengamandla okudonswa kanye nokwelulwa, okuthuthukisiwe futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezithile ezidingayo zokusebenza kwe-solder.

(I-1965)3）Ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo okuphumelelayo

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuphonsa zendabuko, imishini yokuphonsa evundlile evundlile ingafeza ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo nokungaphazanyiswa, ithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela, inciphisa izinyathelo zokusebenza ngesandla, yehlisa ukuqina kwabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi yenza inqubo yokukhiqiza izinze futhi ithembeke kakhudlwana, okusiza ekulawulweni okuqhubekayo kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

(I-1965)4）Nciphisa imfucuza yezinto zokusetshenziswa

Ngenxa yenqubo yokuphonsa eqhubekayo kanye nokulawulwa okunembile kosayizi nesimo se-billet, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuphonsa, ingasebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu, inciphise imfucuza yezinto ezibangelwa ukusika, izibonelelo zomshini, njll., ithuthukise izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi inciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza.

3、Izicelo ezithile embonini ye-solder

(I-1965)1）Inqubo yokukhiqiza

Ekukhiqizweni kwe-solder, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlanganisa ngokunembile izithako ze-solder ezidingekayo bese ufaka izinto zokusetshenziswa ezilungisiwe esithandweni somshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo we-vacuum ovundlile. Qala uhlelo lwe-vacuum, wehlise ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwesithando ibe sezingeni elifanele le-vacuum, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamashumi ama-pascal namakhulu ama-pascal, bese ufudumeza futhi uncibilikise i-solder bese ugcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile. Lungisa ijubane lokuphonsa kanye nomthamo wamanzi okupholisa we-crystallizer ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-solder ewuketshezi iqina ngokulinganayo ku-crystallizer futhi ikhishwa njalo, yakha incazelo ethile ye-solder billet. Isikhala sicutshungulwa ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo zokugoqa, ukudweba kanye nezinye izinyathelo zokucubungula ukukhiqiza izimo ezahlukene kanye nemininingwane yemikhiqizo ye-solder, njengocingo lokushisela, i-welding strip, i-solder paste, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-welding zamasimu ahlukene.

(I-1965)2）Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokubopha

Uma sithatha i-solder engenalo i-lead ye-Sn Ag Cu evame ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-elekthronikhi njengesibonelo, uma ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokuphonsa ovundlile ovundlile, okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo ku-solder kungalawulwa ngokuqinile ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, kugwenywe ukungcola okufana ne-tin slag ebangelwa yi-oxidation futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-solder. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo sokuhlela esifanayo senza i-solder ikwazi ukugcwalisa kangcono izikhala ezincane ze-solder ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoqa okuncane kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, kunciphisa amaphutha okugoqa njengokufaka i-solder ebonakalayo kanye nokubopha, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokugoqa kanye nokusebenza kukagesi kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.

Enqubweni yokubilisa embonini yezimoto, ukuze kube nokubilisa okusekelwe ku-aluminium enamandla aphezulu, i-solder ekhiqizwa umshini wokubilisa ovundlile oqondile inamandla angcono kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Isakhiwo sayo sokusanhlamvu esifanayo siqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-solder ngesikhathi sokubilisa okushisa okuphezulu, okungaxhumanisa ngokuqinile izingxenye zezimoto futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kwezingxenye zezimoto.

(I-1965)3）Izibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza

Ibhizinisi elidumile lokukhiqiza i-solder lethule i-umshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo wezinga le-vacuum, okunyuse ubumsulwa bemikhiqizo yayo ye-tin lead solder kusuka ku-98% kuya ngaphezu kuka-99.5%, futhi kunciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe yi-oxide inclusions. Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-welding kwamabhodi wesekethe kagesi, izinga lokwehluleka kwe-welding lehle kusuka ku-5% laya ngaphansi kuka-1%, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuncintisana kwemakethe komkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza yezinto zokusetshenziswa, izindleko zokukhiqiza zebhizinisi zehliswe cishe ngo-15%, kwazuza izinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho nezenhlalo.

4、Amathemba entuthuko

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni ezifana ne-elekthronikhi, amandla amasha, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini ephezulu, izidingo zekhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwezinto zokubopha zizoqhubeka nokukhula. Umshini wokuphonsa ovundlile ovundlile unamathemba amaningi okusetshenziswa embonini yokubopha ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo ezihlukile. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imishini, uhlelo lwawo lokukhipha luzosebenza kahle futhi luzinzile, izinga lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo lizothuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ukulawulwa kwepharamitha yenqubo enembile kungafinyelelwa, kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo yokubopha esezingeni eliphezulu neyomuntu siqu. Okwamanje, ngezidingo zemvelo eziqinile ngokwengeziwe, izinzuzo zemishini yokukhipha evundlile evundlile ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokukhishwa kokungcola kuzophinde kuzenze ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokusekela intuthuko esimeme yemboni yokubopha.

5、 Isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa komshini wokuphonsa ovundlile ovundlile embonini yokuphonsa kunikeza isiqinisekiso esinamandla sokukhiqizwa kwe-solder esezingeni eliphezulu nelisebenza kahle. Ngokuthuthukisa ubumsulwa be-solder, ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo senhlangano, ukufeza ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, isidingo esikhulayo se-solder embonini yesimanje sihlangatsheziwe. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwayo embonini yokuphonsa kuzoba kubanzi futhi kujule, kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokuphonsa kube yikhwalithi ephezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza, kuhlinzeke ngezinto zokuxhumana ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezithembekile ezimbonini eziningi ezithembele ekuxhumeni kwe-solder, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko yochungechunge lonke lomkhakha.

Ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kwemboni ye-solder, amabhizinisi kufanele aqaphele ngokugcwele amandla kanye nenani lemishini yokusakaza eqhubekayo yezinga le-vacuum, ethule futhi asebenzise lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ngenkuthalo, aqinise ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo, athuthukise njalo ukuncintisana kwawo emakethe, futhi akhuthaze ngokubambisana imboni ye-solder ukuthi iqhubekele esigabeni esisha sentuthuko.