Izindaba

1,Isingeniso

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yesimanje, izidingo zekhwalithi nokusebenza kwezinto zensimbi ziya ngokuya ziba phezulu. Njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni insimbi nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi, izinga lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo bokuphonsa lithinta ngqo ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwezinto zensimbi. Ubuchwepheshe bokusakaza obuqhubekayo be-vacuum busekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokusakaza obuqhubekayo bendabuko, obubeka isikhunta endaweni ye-vacuum ukuze kukhishwe. Inezinzuzo ezibalulekile njengokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwegesi kunsimbi encibilikisiwe, ukunciphisa ukufakwa, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-casting billet. Ukulawula ngokunembile ukugeleza kwensimbi endaweni ye-vacuum kuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza izinga eliphezuluvacuum ukusakaza okuqhubekayo.

2,Uhlolojikelele lwe-Vacuum Continuous Casting Technology

(1）Umgomo wokukhipha i-vacuum okuqhubekayo

I-vacuum eqhubekayo yokusakazwa inqubo yokujova insimbi encibilikisiwe endaweni ecwebezelayo endaweni yevacuum futhi kwakhiwe ibhilidi elikhonjiwe ngokupholisa nokuqiniswa. Endaweni ye-vacuum, ukuncibilika kwamagesi ensimbi encibilikisiwe kuncipha, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amagesi aphume, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa iziphambeko ezifana ne-porosity ku-cast billet. Ngasikhathi sinye, indawo ye-vacuum nayo inganciphisa ukuthintana phakathi kwensimbi encibilikisiwe nomoya, futhi yehlise ukukhiqizwa kwe-oxidation nokufaka.

(2）Izici zokusakaza kwe-vacuum okuqhubekayo

Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulingisa: ukunciphisa ukukhubazeka okufana nezimbotshana nezifakwayo, nokuthuthukisa ukuminyana nokuhlanzeka kokusakazwa.

Ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo sokuqiniswa kwezinsimbi: kunenzuzo yokucwenga usayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nokuthuthukisa izici zemishini zezinsimbi.

Yehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza: Yehlisa izinyathelo zokucubungula ezilandelayo futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

3,Umthelela Wendawo Yevacuum Ekugelezeni Koketshezi Lwensimbi

(1）Ukuncipha kokuncibilika kwegesi

Endaweni ye-vacuum, ukuncibilika kwamagesi ensimbi encibilikisiwe kuncipha kakhulu, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amagesi aphume futhi akhe amabhamuza. Uma amabhamuza engakwazi ukuxoshwa ngesikhathi esifanele, amaphutha afana nezimbobo zomoya azokwakheka ekulingiseni, okuthinta ikhwalithi yokulingisa.

(2）Ukwehluka kokuqina kobuso

Imvelo ye-vacuum izoshintsha ukungezwani okungaphezulu koketshezi lwensimbi, okuthinta isimo sokugeleza kanye nenqubo yokuqinisa uketshezi lwensimbi ku-crystallizer. Ukushintsha kokungezwani kwendawo kungase kuholele ekushintsheni kokumanzisa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, okuthinta isimo sokuxhumana phakathi kwe-cast billet nodonga lwe-crystallizer.

(3）Ukunciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza

Endaweni ye-vacuum, ukumelana komoya nokugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kuncipha, futhi isivinini sensimbi encibilikisiwe siyakhula. Lokhu kudinga ukulawula okunembe kakhudlwana kokugeleza kwensimbi ukuze kuvinjelwe izenzakalo ezifana nesiyaluyalu nokuchaphaza.

4,Imishini ebalulekile kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokulawula okunembile kokugeleza kwensimbi kumshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo we-vacuum

(1）I-Crystallizer

Umsebenzi we-crystallizer

I-Crystallizer iyingxenye eyinhloko yomshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo we-vacuum, umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko uwukupholisa nokuqinisa insimbi encibilikisiwe kuyo ukuze kwakheke i-cast billet. Umumo nosayizi we-crystallizer kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi nokunemba kobukhulu be-cast billet.

Izidingo zokuklama ze-crystallizer

Ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okunembile kokugeleza kwensimbi, umklamo wekristallizer kufanele uhlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:

(1) I-conductivity enhle yokushisa: ikwazi ukudlulisa ngokushesha ukushisa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, iqinisekisa isivinini sokupholisa se-billet cast.

(2) I-taper efanelekile: I-taper ye-crystallizer kufanele yakhelwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zokushwabana zokusakaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana okuhle phakathi kokulingisa nodonga olucwebezelayo, nokuvikela izenzakalo ezinjengokudonsa nokuvuza.

(3) Ukulawulwa kweleveli yoketshezi oluzinzile: Ngamadivayisi anembile okuthola izinga loketshezi nokulawula, ukuzinza kwezinga loketshezi lwensimbi ku-crystallizer kugcinwa, okuqinisekisa ukufana kwekhwalithi yokusakaza.

(2）Uhlelo lokunamathela

Umsebenzi wepulaki

Isivalo siyithuluzi elibalulekile elisetshenziselwa ukulawula izinga lokugeleza kanye nesivinini sensimbi encibilikisiwe kumshini ocwebezelayo. Ngokulungisa isikhundla se-stopper, ubukhulu nesivinini sokugeleza kwensimbi kungalawulwa ngokunembile.

Umgomo wokulawula wesistimu ye-plunger

Isistimu ye-plug rod ngokuvamile iqukethe i-plug rod, indlela yokushayela, nesistimu yokulawula. Isistimu yokulawula ilungisa indawo ye-plug rod ngokusebenzisa indlela yokushayela ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zenqubo kanye namasignali okuthola izinga loketshezi, ithola ukulawula okunembile kokugeleza koketshezi lwensimbi.

(3）Ukushukumisa i-electromagnetic

Umgomo wokushukumisa i-electromagnetic

Ukushukuma kwe-electromagnetic ukusetshenziswa komgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukukhiqiza insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo ensimbi ewuketshezi, okubangela ukunyakaza okunyakazayo ensimbi ewuketshezi. Ukunyakaziswa kwe-electromagnetic kungathuthukisa ukugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, kukhuthaze ukuntanta kwezinto ezifakiwe kanye nokuphuma kwamagesi, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokusakazwa.

Izinhlobo Nezicelo Ze-Electromagnetic Striring

I-electromagnetic stirring ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezahlukene ezifana ne-crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, i-secondary cooling zone electromagnetic stirring, kanye nokuqina kokuphela kokunyakaziswa kwe-electromagnetic. Ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zenqubo kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi yokusakaza, izinhlobo ezifanele zokunyakaziswa kwe-electromagnetic zingakhethwa ukuze zisetshenziswe.

(4）Isistimu yokuthola nokulawula izinga loketshezi

Indlela yokuthola izinga loketshezi

Ukutholwa kwezinga loketshezi kungenye yezixhumanisi ezibalulekile zokufinyelela ukulawula okunembile kokugeleza koketshezi lwensimbi. Izindlela zokuthola izinga loketshezi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa ukutholwa kwe-isotopi e-radioactive, ukutholwa kwe-ultrasonic, ukutholwa nge-laser, njll. Lezi zindlela zokutholwa zinezinzuzo zokunemba okuphezulu nesivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo, futhi zingaqapha izinguquko ezingeni lensimbi ewuketshezi kukristalliza ngesikhathi sangempela. .

Ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza sesistimu yokulawula izinga le-liquid

Isistimu yokulawula ileveli yoketshezi ngokuvamile iqukethe izinzwa zeleveli yoketshezi, izilawuli, nama-actuator. Inzwa yeleveli yoketshezi idlulisela isignali yeleveli yoketshezi etholiwe kusilawuli. Isilawuli silungisa indawo ye-plunger noma amanye amapharamitha okulawula nge-actuator ngokuya ngezidingo zenqubo kanye namavelu asethe, ukuzuza ukulawula okuzinzile kwezinga le-metal liquid.

5,Ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokulawula okunembile kokugeleza kwensimbi kumshini wokuphonsa oqhubekayo we-vacuum

(1）Lungiselela ukuthulula amapharamitha

Ukushisa okuthululwayo: Ukulawula okunengqondo kokushisa okuthululwayo kungaqinisekisa uketshezi kanye nekhono lokugcwalisa uketshezi lwensimbi, kuyilapho kugwema ukushisa okudlulele okungase kubangele i-oxidation nokumunca uketshezi lwensimbi.

Isivinini sokuthela: Khetha isivinini sokuthela esifanele ngokusekelwe kusayizi nezidingo zekhwalithi ye-billet yokusakaza. Isivinini sokuthulula ngokweqile singase sibangele ukugeleza kwensimbi okungazinzile, kubangele isiyaluyalu nokuchaphaza; Isivinini sokuthulula esinensa kakhulu sizothinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

(2）Thuthukisa uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-crystallizer

Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokugeleza kwamanzi okupholisa kanye nezinga lokugeleza: Ngokusekelwe kuzici zokuqinisa kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi ze-billet yokuphonsa, izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi okupholisa kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwekristali kufanele kulawulwe ngokunengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe isivinini sokupholisa nokufana kwe-billet yokusakaza.

Ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokupholisa: Izindlela zokupholisa ezihlukene ezifana nokupholisa amanzi kanye nokupholisa i-aerosol zingasetshenziswa, futhi ukukhetha nokwenza kahle kungasekelwe ezimweni ezithile.

(3）Ukulawulwa ngokubambisana kwe-electromagnetic stirring kanye ne-plug rod system

Ukwenziwa ngcono kwamapharamitha ashukumisayo ka-electromagnetic: Ngokusekelwe kuzidingo zekhwalithi kanye nezici zenqubo zokuphonswa okungenalutho, thuthukisa imvamisa, ukuqina, kanye nendlela enyakazayo yokunyakazisa kazibuthe ukuze usebenzise ngokugcwele umsebenzi wayo.

Ukulawulwa ngokubambisana kwesistimu yepulaki nokunyakazisa kazibuthe kagesi: Ngesu lokulawula eliphusile, umsebenzi wokuhlanganyela wesistimu yepulaki kanye nokunyakaziswa kazibuthe kagesi kungafinyelelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kokugeleza kwensimbi kanye nekhwalithi yokulingisa.

6,Isiphetho

Ukulawulwa okunembile kokugeleza kwensimbi endaweni ye-vacuum nge-avacuum okuqhubekayo umshini wokuphonsakuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza ukukhiqizwa kwe-billet yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngokusetshenziswa kwemishini ebalulekile kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezinjengamakristalu, amasistimu wokumisa, ukunyakazisa kazibuthe kagesi, ukutholwa kwezinga le-liquid kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula, kanye nokwenza kahle kwenqubo, ukulawulwa okunembile kokugeleza kwensimbi kungafinyelelwa ngempumelelo. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha i-vacuum obuqhubekayo buzoqhubeka nokusungula futhi buthuthuke, bunikeze ukwesekwa okuthembekile nokuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni izinto zensimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga futhi ukubhekana nezinselelo ezinjengobunzima obuphezulu bezobuchwepheshe, izindleko eziphezulu, nokushoda kwethalente, futhi sikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokusakaza obuqhubekayo be-vacuum ngemizamo eqhubekayo nokusungula izinto ezintsha.